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低(di)頻振動(dong)(dong)(dong)傳感(gan)器，振動(dong)(dong)(dong)校驗臺(tai)，振動(dong)(dong)(dong)傳感(gan)器，振動(dong)(dong)(dong)變送器，渦流傳感(gan)器，振動(dong)(dong)(dong)速度傳感(gan)器，
振動傳感器的10個類(lei)型
1、相對(dui)式電動傳感(gan)器
電(dian)動(dong)式傳感(gan)器(qi)基(ji)于電(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)應原理，即當運動(dong)的(de)(de)導體(ti)(ti)在固定的(de)(de)磁(ci)場里切(qie)割磁(ci)力線時，導體(ti)(ti)兩端(duan)就感(gan)生(sheng)出(chu)電(dian)動(dong)勢，因此利用這(zhe)一原理而(er)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)傳感(gan)器(qi)稱為電(dian)動(dong)式傳感(gan)器(qi)。 　　相對(dui)式電(dian)動(dong)傳感(gan)器(qi)從機械(xie)接收原理來(lai)說，是一個(ge)位移傳感(gan)器(qi)，由于在機電(dian)變換(huan)原理中應用的(de)(de)是電(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)應電(dian)律，其產(chan)生(sheng)的(de)(de)電(dian)動(dong)勢同被測振(zhen)動(dong)速度(du)(du)成正比，所以它實際上是一個(ge)速度(du)(du)傳感(gan)器(qi)。
2、電(dian)渦流式傳感器(qi)
電(dian)渦流(liu)(liu)傳(chuan)感器是一種(zhong)相對式非接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)式傳(chuan)感器，它是通過傳(chuan)感器端部(bu)與被測(ce)物體之間的(de)距離(li)變化來測(ce)量(liang)物體的(de)振動位移(yi)或幅值的(de)。電(dian)渦流(liu)(liu)傳(chuan)感器具有頻率范(fan)圍(wei)寬（0～10 kHZ），線(xian)性工作范(fan)圍(wei)大、靈敏(min)度高以(yi)及非接(jie)觸(chu)(chu)式測(ce)量(liang)等優點，主要應用于靜位移(yi)的(de)測(ce)量(liang)、振動位移(yi)的(de)測(ce)量(liang)、旋轉(zhuan)機械(xie)中(zhong)監測(ce)轉(zhuan)軸的(de)振動測(ce)量(liang)。
3、電(dian)感式傳感器
依據傳感器的相對(dui)式機(ji)械接收原(yuan)理，電感式傳感器能把被測的機(ji)械振動參數的變(bian)(bian)化轉換(huan)成為電參量信號的變(bian)(bian)化。因此，電感傳感器有(you)二種形(xing)式，一是(shi)可變(bian)(bian)間隙，二是(shi)可變(bian)(bian)導磁(ci)面(mian)積(ji)。
4、電容(rong)式傳感器
電容(rong)式(shi)傳感器一般分為兩種類型(xing)。即可(ke)變(bian)(bian)(bian)間(jian)隙式(shi)和可(ke)變(bian)(bian)(bian)公共面積式(shi)。可(ke)變(bian)(bian)(bian)間(jian)隙式(shi)可(ke)以測量(liang)(liang)直線振(zhen)動的位移(yi)。可(ke)變(bian)(bian)(bian)面積式(shi)可(ke)以測量(liang)(liang)扭轉振(zhen)動的角位移(yi)。
5、慣性式電動傳感器(qi)
慣性式電(dian)動傳感(gan)(gan)器由固定部(bu)(bu)分、可(ke)動部(bu)(bu)分以(yi)及支承(cheng)彈簧部(bu)(bu)分所組(zu)成(cheng)。為(wei)了使傳感(gan)(gan)器工作(zuo)在(zai)位移傳感(gan)(gan)器狀(zhuang)態，其可(ke)動部(bu)(bu)分的(de)(de)質量應(ying)該足(zu)夠的(de)(de)大，而(er)支承(cheng)彈簧的(de)(de)剛(gang)度應(ying)該足(zu)夠的(de)(de)小，也就是讓傳感(gan)(gan)器具有足(zu)夠低的(de)(de)固有頻率。 　　根(gen)據(ju)電(dian)磁感(gan)(gan)應(ying)定律，感(gan)(gan)應(ying)電(dian)動勢為(wei)：u=Blx&r 　　式中(zhong)B為(wei)磁通密度，l為(wei)線(xian)圈在(zai)磁場內的(de)(de)有效長度， r x&為(wei)線(xian)圈在(zai)磁場中(zhong)的(de)(de)相對速度。 
      從傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)結(jie)構上(shang)(shang)來說，慣性式電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)是一個位移傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)。然而由于其輸出(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)信號是由電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)應產(chan)生，根(gen)據電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)應電(dian)(dian)律，當(dang)線圈在磁(ci)場中作(zuo)相對運動(dong)(dong)時，所感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)生的(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)勢與線圈切割磁(ci)力線的(de)(de)速(su)(su)度成正比。因(yin)此就傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)輸出(chu)(chu)信號來說，感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)應電(dian)(dian)動(dong)(dong)勢是同被測振動(dong)(dong)速(su)(su)度成正比的(de)(de)，所以它實際上(shang)(shang)是一個速(su)(su)度傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)器(qi)(qi)。
6、壓電式傳感器
壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)式加(jia)速度傳(chuan)感器的(de)機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)接(jie)收部(bu)分(fen)是慣性式加(jia)速度機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)接(jie)收原理(li)，機(ji)(ji)(ji)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)部(bu)分(fen)利用(yong)的(de)是壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)晶體(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)正壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)。其原理(li)是某些(xie)晶體(ti)(ti)(ti)（如人工極(ji)化陶(tao)瓷、壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)石英(ying)晶體(ti)(ti)(ti)等，不同的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)材料具有不同的(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)系數，一(yi)般都可以在(zai)(zai)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)材料性能(neng)(neng)(neng)表中查(cha)到。）在(zai)(zai)一(yi)定方(fang)向(xiang)的(de)外力(li)作用(yong)下(xia)或承受變(bian)形時，它(ta)的(de)晶體(ti)(ti)(ti)面(mian)或極(ji)化面(mian)上將有電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷產(chan)生，這種從機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)（力(li)，變(bian)形）到電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)荷，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)）的(de)變(bian)換稱(cheng)為(wei)正壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)。而從電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)(neng)(neng)（電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)場(chang)，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)）到機(ji)(ji)(ji)械(xie)能(neng)(neng)(neng)（變(bian)形，力(li)）的(de)變(bian)換稱(cheng)為(wei)逆壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)效(xiao)應(ying)(ying)。 
      因此利用晶體的(de)壓(ya)電(dian)效應，可以(yi)制成(cheng)測(ce)(ce)力傳感器，在振動測(ce)(ce)量(liang)中(zhong)，由于壓(ya)電(dian)晶體所(suo)(suo)受的(de)力是慣性質量(liang)塊的(de)牽連慣性力，所(suo)(suo)產(chan)生的(de)電(dian)荷數與加(jia)速(su)度大小成(cheng)正比，所(suo)(suo)以(yi)壓(ya)電(dian)式傳感器是加(jia)速(su)度傳感器。
7、壓電式力傳感器
在振(zhen)(zhen)動試驗中，除(chu)了(le)測量(liang)振(zhen)(zhen)動，還經常需要測量(liang)對試件(jian)施(shi)加(jia)的(de)(de)動態(tai)激振(zhen)(zhen)力。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電式力傳感(gan)器(qi)具有頻率(lv)范圍寬、動態(tai)范圍大、體(ti)積小和重量(liang)輕等(deng)優(you)點(dian)，因而獲得廣泛(fan)應用。壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電式力傳感(gan)器(qi)的(de)(de)工作原(yuan)理是利(li)用壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電晶體(ti)的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電效應，即壓(ya)(ya)(ya)電式力傳感(gan)器(qi)的(de)(de)輸出電荷信號與(yu)外力成正(zheng)比(bi)。
8、阻抗頭
阻抗頭(tou)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一(yi)種綜合性(xing)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)。它集壓電式力傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)和(he)壓電式加速(su)度(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)于一(yi)體，其作用(yong)是(shi)(shi)(shi)在力傳(chuan)(chuan)遞點(dian)(dian)(dian)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)激(ji)振(zhen)(zhen)力的(de)同時(shi)測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)該點(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)運動響(xiang)應(ying)(ying)。因此阻抗頭(tou)由兩部分(fen)組成(cheng)，一(yi)部分(fen)是(shi)(shi)(shi)力傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)，另一(yi)部分(fen)是(shi)(shi)(shi)加速(su)度(du)傳(chuan)(chuan)感(gan)器(qi)，它的(de)優點(dian)(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)(shi)，保證測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)點(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)響(xiang)應(ying)(ying)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)激(ji)振(zhen)(zhen)點(dian)(dian)(dian)的(de)響(xiang)應(ying)(ying)。使用(yong)時(shi)將小頭(tou)（測(ce)(ce)力端）連向結構，大(da)頭(tou)（測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)加速(su)度(du)）與(yu)激(ji)振(zhen)(zhen)器(qi)的(de)施力桿相連。從(cong)“力信號(hao)(hao)輸出端"測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)激(ji)振(zhen)(zhen)力的(de)信號(hao)(hao)，從(cong)“加速(su)度(du)信號(hao)(hao)輸出端"測(ce)(ce)量(liang)(liang)加速(su)度(du)的(de)響(xiang)應(ying)(ying)信號(hao)(hao)。 
       注意，阻抗(kang)頭(tou)一般(ban)只能承受(shou)輕載荷，因(yin)而只可以用于輕型的(de)結構、機械部件(jian)以及(ji)材料試樣(yang)的(de)測量(liang)。無論(lun)是力傳感器(qi)還是阻抗(kang)頭(tou)，其信號轉換元件(jian)都是壓(ya)電(dian)晶體，因(yin)而其測量(liang)線路(lu)均應是電(dian)壓(ya)放大(da)器(qi)或電(dian)荷放大(da)器(qi)。
9、電阻應變式傳(chuan)感器
電阻式(shi)應變(bian)(bian)式(shi)傳(chuan)感(gan)器是(shi)將被測的機械(xie)振(zhen)動(dong)量轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)成傳(chuan)感(gan)元件電阻的變(bian)(bian)化量。實現這種(zhong)機電轉(zhuan)(zhuan)換(huan)的傳(chuan)感(gan)元件有多(duo)種(zhong)形式(shi)，其中zui常見(jian)的是(shi)電阻應變(bian)(bian)式(shi)的傳(chuan)感(gan)器。 
      電(dian)(dian)阻應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)片(pian)的(de)(de)工(gong)作(zuo)原理(li)為：應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)片(pian)粘貼在(zai)某試(shi)件上(shang)時，試(shi)件受(shou)力變(bian)(bian)(bian)形，應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)片(pian)原長(chang)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)，從而應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)片(pian)阻值變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)，實驗證(zheng)明，在(zai)試(shi)件的(de)(de)彈性(xing)變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)范(fan)圍內(nei)，應(ying)變(bian)(bian)(bian)片(pian)電(dian)(dian)阻的(de)(de)相對變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)和(he)其長(chang)度的(de)(de)相對變(bian)(bian)(bian)化(hua)(hua)成正(zheng)比。
10、激(ji)光傳感器
激光(guang)傳感(gan)(gan)器 利用激光(guang)技術進行測量(liang)的傳感(gan)(gan)器。它(ta)由激光(guang)器、激光(guang)檢測器和(he)測量(liang)電路組成。激光(guang)傳感(gan)(gan)器是新型測量(liang)儀表，它(ta)的優點是能實(shi)現(xian)無接觸(chu)(chu)遠距(ju)離測量(liang)，速(su)度快，精度高，量(liang)程大(da)，抗光(guang)、電干(gan)擾(rao)能力強等，極適合于工業和(he)實(shi)驗室的非接觸(chu)(chu)測量(liang)應用。